Decompression Sickness
Known as 'the bends,' decompression sickness occurs when dissolved gases form bubbles during ascent. HBOT is the definitive treatment.
What is Decompression Sickness?
Decompression sickness (DCS), commonly called 'the bends,' occurs when dissolved gases, primarily nitrogen, come out of solution and form bubbles in the body as ambient pressure decreases too quickly.
This most commonly affects SCUBA divers who ascend too rapidly, but can also occur in aviators, astronauts, and compressed air workers. The bubbles can form in any tissue but most commonly affect joints, spinal cord, and brain.
DCS ranges from mild joint pain ('Type I') to severe neurological symptoms including paralysis ('Type II'). Without proper treatment, permanent damage can result.
Symptoms of Decompression Sickness
If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, seek medical attention. Early intervention is critical for many of these conditions.
- Joint pain (most commonly shoulders and elbows)
- Fatigue and malaise
- Skin itching or marbling
- Numbness or tingling
- Muscle weakness or paralysis
- Difficulty urinating
- Confusion or altered consciousness
- Vertigo and hearing changes
Comprehensive Diving Emergency Care
Decompression sickness treatment involves immediate supportive care while arranging for definitive HBOT. Divers Alert Network (DAN) provides 24/7 consultation.
Surface Oxygen
High-flow 100% oxygen begins immediately and continues during transport to reduce bubble size.
Hydration
IV fluid administration to maintain blood volume and improve circulation.
Neurological Monitoring
Serial neurological assessments to document symptom progression or improvement.
DAN Consultation
Expert consultation with diving medicine specialists to guide treatment decisions.
How Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Helps
HBOT recompresses the patient, reducing bubble size and allowing them to redissolve into blood. Breathing 100% oxygen accelerates nitrogen elimination while providing maximum tissue oxygenation.
The treatment protocols (U.S. Navy Treatment Tables) are well-established, with decades of successful outcomes. Even delayed treatment can provide significant benefit.
Key Benefits of HBOT for Decompression Sickness
Treatment Protocol
Initial treatment follows U.S. Navy Treatment Table 6, with compression to 2.8 ATA. Treatment duration is typically 4-6 hours depending on symptom severity and response.
Many cases require multiple treatments over several days. Our team can consult with Divers Alert Network (DAN) for complex cases.
Ready to Explore HBOT?
Schedule a consultation with our hyperbaric medicine specialists to discuss whether HBOT may be right for your condition.